CLIA Borrelia CSF IgG

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is a multisystem infectious disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. It is transmitted by ticks of the Ixodes genus.

The clinical symptoms of LB are classified into early and late stages. Approximately 10%–15% of patients with untreated Lyme borreliosis may develop neurological manifestations.

The bacteria can cross the blood-brain barrier and cause inflammation in the brain or spinal cord, leading to various neurological symptoms such as meningitis, encephalitis, and even peripheral neuropathy. Additionally, Lyme borreliosis can disrupt neurotransmitter function, affecting pain perception, mood regulation, and cognitive processes.

The detection of antibody levels in serum or plasma alone is insufficient for diagnosing neuroborreliosis. Therefore, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination is crucial, as specific anti-Borrelia antibodies are produced intrathecally.

To confirm intrathecal antibody production, the determination of the specific antibody index (AI) is used, in accordance with international EFNS guidelines. This index is essential for diagnosing both early and late-stage neuroborreliosis.